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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pirogovestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Национального медико-хирургического центра им. Н.И. Пирогова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical &amp; Surgical Center</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-8255</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3628</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/20728255_2026_21_2_190</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pirogovestnik-621</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭЙГЕН ШТЕЙНАХ И СЕРГЕЙ ВОРОНОВ: ИСТОКИ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ОМОЛОЖЕНИЯ ЖИВОГО ОРГАНИЗМА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EIGEN STEINACH AND SERGEI VORONOV: THE ORIGINS OF SURGICAL REJUVENATION OF THE LIVING BODY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Страхов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strakhov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тверь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tver</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mastr-dok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Тверской ГМУ Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>190</fpage><lpage>197</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Страхов М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Страхов М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Strakhov M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://submit.pirogov-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/621">https://submit.pirogov-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/621</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена истории зарождения хирургического подхода в вопросах омоложения живых организмов в экспериментальной и клинической медицинской практике. Пионерами данного направления являются выдающиеся европейские экспериментаторы – австрийский профессор-физиолог Эйген Штейнах (1861–1944) и французский хирург русского происхождения, профессор Самуил (Сергей) Абрамович Воронов (1866–1951). В статье представлен детальный анализ уникальных оперативных вмешательств на лабораторных животных и живых людях, произведенные ими в начале ХХ века и ставшие первым опытом хирургического омоложения животных организмов в мировой истории медицины.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the history of the emergence of a surgical approach to the rejuvenation of living organisms in experimental and clinical medical practice. The pioneers of this field are the outstanding European experimenters, the Austrian professor-physiologist Eugen Steinach (1861-1944) and the French surgeon of Russian origin, Professor Samuel (Sergey) Abramovich Voronoff (1866-1951). The article provides a detailed analysis of the unique surgical interventions performed on laboratory animals and living humans in the early 20th century, which were the first attempts at surgical rejuvenation of animal organisms in the history of medicine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Штейнах</kwd><kwd>Воронов</kwd><kwd>омоложение</kwd><kwd>трансплантация</kwd><kwd>эндокринология</kwd><kwd>эндокринная хирургия</kwd><kwd>гормоны</kwd><kwd>пубертатная железа</kwd><kwd>семенник</kwd><kwd>обезьяна</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Steinach</kwd><kwd>Voronoff</kwd><kwd>rejuvenation</kwd><kwd>transplantation</kwd><kwd>endocrinology</kwd><kwd>endocrine surgery</kwd><kwd>hormones</kwd><kwd>pubertal gland</kwd><kwd>testicle</kwd><kwd>monkey</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кольцов Н.К. 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