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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pirogovestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Национального медико-хирургического центра им. Н.И. Пирогова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical &amp; Surgical Center</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-8255</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3628</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/20728255_2026_21_1_16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pirogovestnik-529</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭТИОЛОГИЯ ОПЕРИРОВАННОГО ПОРОКА МИТРАЛЬНОГО КЛАПАНА ЗА ПЕРИОД 2015–2024 ГГ. В КАРДИОХИРУРГИЧЕСКОМ ОТДЕЛЕНИИ БЕЛГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТНОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЬНИЦЫ СВЯТИТЕЛЯ ИОАСАФА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ETIOLOGY OF OPERATED MITRAL VALVE DEFECTS IN THE CARDIAC SURGERY DEPARTMENT OF THE BELGOROD REGIONAL CLINICAL HOSPITAL OF ST. JOASAPH FOR</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сазоненков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sazonenkov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sazonenkov_ma@bokb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москалёв</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskalev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татаринцев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarintsev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исматов</surname><given-names>Х. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ismatov</surname><given-names>H. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москалёва</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskaleva</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОГБУЗ «Белгородская областная клиническая больница Святителя Иоасафа»; ФГАОУ ВО «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital; Belgorod National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОГБУЗ «Белгородская областная клиническая больница Святителя Иоасафа»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сазоненков М.А., Москалёв А.С., Татаринцев А.М., Исматов Х.Х., Москалёва Д.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сазоненков М.А., Москалёв А.С., Татаринцев А.М., Исматов Х.Х., Москалёва Д.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sazonenkov M.A., Moskalev A.S., Tatarintsev A.M., Ismatov H.H., Moskaleva D.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://submit.pirogov-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/529">https://submit.pirogov-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/529</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Порок митрального клапана (МК) сердца является одним из основных диагнозов, оперируемых в кардиохирургии в настоящее время. Существует ряд этиологических причин порока МК, требующих коррекции. Распределение этиологий, методы коррекции клапана, результаты операций меняются с ростом практики в хирургии.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить все случаи оперативного лечения порока митрального клапана в кардиохирургическом отделении г. Белгорода за период 2015–2024 гг. Выявить основную патологию, изменения методик операций за выбранный период.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В кардиохирургическом отделении БОКБ Святителя Иоасафа за выбранный 10-летний период в среднем, выполнялось 490 операций на сердце в год. Из них в 51–84 наблюдениях выполнялась оперативная коррекция митрального порока. Всего за период 01.01.2015-31.12.2024 было прооперировано 582 порока митрального клапана. Этиология порока разнообразна: дегенеративная недостаточность МК, хроническая ревматическая болезнь сердца (ХРБС), вторичное поражение при ИБС, инфекционный эндокардит (ИЭ), гипертрофическая обструктивная кардиомиопатия (ГКМП). Принимался во внимание метод коррекции: протезирование или реконструкция клапана.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Первое место в этиологии порока занимала дегенеративная недостаточность МК, второе – ХРБС, третье – вторичное поражение клапана при ИБС, четвертое – ИЭ, пятое – ГКМП. За выбранный период доля дегенеративной митральной недостаточности (МН) составила 40,5–64,5% случаев в год, в среднем 50,86%. Доля оперированной ХРБС составила 6,3% – 23,6%, в среднем 17,52%. Ишемическая недостаточность МК встретилась в 30,8% – 5,7%, в среднем 13,92%. Операции по поводу ИЭ встретились с частотой 3,2 – 13,6%, в среднем 9,62%. Коррекция порока МК при ГКМП выполнялась в 1,9% – 13,4% случаев, в среднем в 8,06% случаев. За период наблюдения произошло уменьшение частоты коррекции недостаточности МК при ИБС и увеличение частоты коррекции при ХРБС. Практически неизменной оставалась частота коррекции митрального порока при ИЭ и ГКМП. Значительно возросли доля и разнообразие применявшихся реконструктивных методик.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В течение выбранного периода времени 2015–2024 гг. Количество и доля оперативной коррекции митрального порока остаются относительно постоянными. Полученные нами пропорции частоты этиологии операций на МК соответствуют мировой практике. Расширение частоты применения и сложности использованных реконструкции клапана не привели к снижению качества результатов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Mitral valve disease is one of the main diagnoses operated on in cardiac surgery at the present time. There are a number of etiological causes of mitral valve disease that require correction. The distribution of etiologies, methods of valve correction, and the results of operations change with the growth of surgical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To study all cases of surgical treatment of mitral valve disease in the cardiac surgery department of Belgorod for the period of 2015-2024. To identify the main pathologies, their distribution, and changes in surgical techniques over the selected period.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. In the cardiac surgery department of the St. Joasaph Regional Hospital, an average of 490 heart surgeries were performed per year over the selected 10-year period. Of these, 51–84 cases involved surgical correction of mitral valve defects. In total, 582 cases of mitral valve defects were treated during the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2024. The etiology of the defect is diverse: degenerative mitral valve insufficiency (DMI), chronic rheumatic disease, secondary damage in coronary artery disease (CAD), infectious endocarditis (IE), hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOKM). The method of correction was taken into account: valve prosthesis or reconstruction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The first place in the etiology of the defect was occupied by degenerative insufficiency of the MK, the second – CRBS, the third – secondary damage of the valve in CAD, the fourth – IE, the fifth – HOKM. During the selected period, the proportion of degenerative mitral insufficiency (DMI) was 40.5% to 64.5% per year, with an average of 50.86%. The proportion of operated CHF was 6.3% to 23.6%, with an average of 17.52%. Ischemic mitral insufficiency occurred in 30.8% to 5.7%, with an average of 13.92%. Operations for infectious endocarditis were performed in 3.2% to 13.6% of cases, with an average of 9.62%. Corrections of the mitral valve defect in HCMF were performed in 1.9% to 13.4% of cases, with an average of 8.06%. During the follow-up period, there was a decrease in the frequency of correction of mitral valve insufficiency in IHD and an increase in the frequency of correction in CRBS. The share and variety of reconstructive techniques used have increased significantly.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. During the selected period of time 2015–2024, the number and proportion of cases of surgical correction of mitral valve disease remain relatively constant. The proportions of the frequency of etiologies of operations on the MK obtained by us correspond to the global practice. The expansion of the frequency of use and complexity of the valve reconstructions used did not lead to a decrease in the quality of the results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>порок митрального клапана</kwd><kwd>этиология</kwd><kwd>методы хирургического лечения</kwd><kwd>пластика митрального клапана</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mitral valve lesion</kwd><kwd>etiology</kwd><kwd>methods of surgical correction</kwd><kwd>reconstructive operations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ассоциация сердечно-сосудистых хирургов России. Всероссийское научное общество кардиологов. Клинические рекомендации. Митральная недостаточность. – Москва, 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Association of Cardiovascular Surgeons of Russia. All-Russian Scientific Society of Cardiology. Clinical recommendations. 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