pirogovestnikВестник Национального медико-хирургического центра им. Н.И. ПироговаBulletin of Pirogov National Medical & Surgical Center2072-82552782-3628Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова10.25881/20728255_2025_20_3_147pirogovestnik-377Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSСОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О ФАНТОМНОЙ БОЛИ И МЕТОДАХ ЕЁ ЛЕЧЕНИЯMODERN CONCEPTS OF PHANTOM PAIN AND ITS TREATMENT METHODSКондратьевИ. А.KondratyevI. A.

Москва

Moscow

ivanish-iiihp@yandex.ruДжоджуаА. В.DzhodzhuaA. V.

Москва

 Moscow 

АнанкинА. А.AnankinA. A.

Москва

Moscow

СеменовА. Х.SemenovA. H.

Москва

Moscow

ГаврильченкоВ. С.GavrilchenkoV. S.

Москва

Moscow

ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова»РоссияPirogov National Medical and Surgical CenterRussian Federation202529082025203147151Copyright © Кондратьев И.А., Джоджуа А.В., Ананкин А.А., Семенов А.Х., Гаврильченко В.С., 20252025Кондратьев И.А., Джоджуа А.В., Ананкин А.А., Семенов А.Х., Гаврильченко В.С.Kondratyev I.A., Dzhodzhua A.V., Anankin A.A., Semenov A.H., Gavrilchenko V.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://submit.pirogov-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/377

С каждым годом в мире увеличивается количество ампутаций конечностей. Причиной тому может быть травма конечности, инфекция, острая ишемия, осложнение сахарного диабета или злокачественная опухоль. В среднем, более чем в половине случаев у пациентов наблюдается развитие фантомных ощущений, которые могут быть безболезненными и болезненными. Безболезненным может быть чувство прикосновения, зуда, давления. Болезненные же ощущения это – прострел электричеством, жжение, колющая или пульсирующая боль. Одни пациенты описывают фантомный болевой синдром как «удар током», другие чувством «жжения», а кто-то «будто бы насекомые ползают внутри».Фантомные боли описаны в XVI веке Амбруазом Паре, и с тех пор данный термин постоянно присутствует в медицинской литературе. К сожалению, за такое долгое время наличия данной проблемы так и не был установлен точный патогенез заболевания и не были разработаны методы предупреждения и лечения фантомных болей. В обзоре описывается современный взгляд на механизм возникновения фантомного болевого синдрома, а также рассматривается основная терапия, используемая при лечении фантомной боли на современном этапе как до, так и после ампутации.

The number of limb amputations is increasing every year in the world. The reason for this may be a limb injury, infection, acute ischemia, a complication of diabetes mellitus, or a malignant tumor. On average, in more than half of cases, patients develop phantom sensations, which can be painless and painful. The feeling of touch, itching, and pressure can be painless. Painful sensations are electric shock, burning, stabbing or throbbing pain. Some patients describe phantom pain as an «electric shock», others as a «burning sensation», and others as «insects crawling inside».Phantom pain was described in the 16th century by Ambroise Pare and since then this term has been constantly present in the medical literature. Unfortunately, for such a long time, the exact pathogenesis of the disease has not been established and methods for the prevention and treatment of phantom pain have not been developed. This review describes the current view of the mechanism of phantom pain syndrome, and also examines the main therapy used in the treatment of phantom pain at the present stage, both before and after amputation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.