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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pirogovestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Национального медико-хирургического центра им. Н.И. Пирогова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical &amp; Surgical Center</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-8255</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3628</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25881/20728255_2025_20_2_48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pirogovestnik-314</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА АНТИБИОТИКОТЕРАПИИ В КОМПЛЕКСНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ БОЛЬНЫХ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ ЖЕЛТУХОЙ, ОБУСЛОВЛЕННОЙ ЖЕЛЧНОКАМЕННОЙ БОЛЕЗНЬЮ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE CAUSED BY CHOLELITHIASIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асланов</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslanov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nal’chik</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr-aslanov1967@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калибатов</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalibatov</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nal’chik</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логвина</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Logvina</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nal’chik</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карданова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kardanova</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nal’chik</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баксаноков</surname><given-names>З. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baksanokov</surname><given-names>Z. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Терек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Terek</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баков</surname><given-names>З. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakov</surname><given-names>Z. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nal’chik</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет  имени Х.М. Бербекова»;&#13;
ГБУЗ «Республиканский клинический медико-хирургический  центр» МЗ КБР</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov;&#13;
Republican Clinical Medical and Surgical Center of the Ministry of Health  of the KBR</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет  имени Х.М. Бербекова»;&#13;
Министерство здравоохранения Кабардино-Балкарской  Республики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov;&#13;
Ministry of Health of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет  имени Х.М. Бербекова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Центральная районная больница» Терского района</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central district Hospital of the Tersk district</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>УЗ «Республиканский клинический многопрофильный центр  высоких медицинских технологий» МЗ КБР</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Multidisciplinary Center of High Medical Technologies  of the Ministry of Health of the KBR</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Асланов А.Д., Калибатов Р.М., Логвина О.Е., Карданова Л.Ю., Баксаноков З.Х., Баков З.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Асланов А.Д., Калибатов Р.М., Логвина О.Е., Карданова Л.Ю., Баксаноков З.Х., Баков З.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aslanov A.D., Kalibatov R.M., Logvina O.E., Kardanova L.Y., Baksanokov Z.H., Bakov Z.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://submit.pirogov-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/314">https://submit.pirogov-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/314</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: одним из распространённых осложнений желчнокаменной болезни (ЖКБ) является механическая желтуха. Это осложнение сопровождается высокой летальностью. Цель: уменьшение риска осложнений ЖКБ путем скорейшего восстановления оттока жёлчи из печени и подбора антибактериальной терапии. Методы: проанализированы 366 без клиники холангита и увеличенного уровня амилазы. Больные разделены на 3 группы: I – с длительным применением антибактериальной терапии, II – с кратковременным применением антибактериальной терапии, III – которым выполнялись эндоскопические манипуляции. Результаты: результаты сравнительного анализа указали, что только комбинированное применение каждой из групп приводит к благоприятному исходу больных ЖКБ. Заключение: исследование подтверждает, что комбинированное лечение с учетом бактериологического анализа и особых клинических обстоятельств пациентов может значительно улучшить исходы и снизить летальность. Будущие исследования должны сосредоточиться на оптимизации схем антибиотикотерапии для повышения их эффективности и безопасности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Backgraund: One of the common complications of GI is mechanical jaundice. This complication is accompanied by a high mortality rate. Aims: to reduce the risk of complications of cholelithiasis by restoring the outflow of bile from the liver as soon as possible and selecting antibacterial therapy. Materials and methods: 366 patients without cholangitis clinic and without increased amylase levels were analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups: the first – patients with prolonged use of antibacterial therapy, the second – patients with short–term use of antibacterial therapy, the third - patients who underwent endoscopic manipulations. Results: the results of the comparative analysis indicated that only the combined use of each of the groups leads to a favorable outcome in patients with cholelithiasis. Conclusions: the study confirms that combined treatment, taking into account bacteriological analysis and the special clinical circumstances of patients, can significantly improve outcomes and reduce mortality. Future research should focus on optimizing antibiotic therapy regimens to improve their effectiveness and safety.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>желчнокаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>механическая желтуха</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gallstone disease</kwd><kwd>mechanical jaundice</kwd><kwd>antibacterial therapy</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кукош М.В., Демченко В.И., Колесников Д.Л. и др. 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